期刊：
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2026年200:109741 ISSN：0267-7261
通讯作者：
Dongliang Meng
作者机构：
[Menggang Yang; Renkang Hu; Dongliang Meng; Wenqiang Peng] School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China;Earthquake Engineering Research and Test Center, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China;[Qiong Gao] College of Civil Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang, 413000, China;[Shangtao Hu] School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China<&wdkj&>Earthquake Engineering Research and Test Center, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
通讯机构：
[Dongliang Meng] S;School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China
摘要：
To address the limitations of traditional passive dampers in controlling multi-level seismic excitations, the hybrid damping system, which typically incorporates various dampers, has attracted considerable interest owing to its enhanced performance. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the Combined Viscous–Steel Damping System (CVSDS) specifically designed for the longitudinal seismic control of long-span suspension bridges. A novel dual-stage analytical model was developed to characterize the nonlinear mechanical behavior of the CVSDS, capturing the fuse-lock transition mechanism between the viscous and steel damping components. The simplified calculation approach for the supplementary damping ratio of the system was proposed and verified through numerical simulations. To validate the seismic mitigation performance of the CVSDS in realistic conditions, a series of shake table tests were conducted using a single-degree-of-freedom model that represents the longitudinal floating behavior of a suspension bridge. The results illustrate that the CVSDS can effectively reduce seismic-induced displacement by 37.9 %–60.2 % under various earthquake intensities. In particular, adjustment in the locking force allows control over the triggering sensitivity of the system, enabling tailored responses under different loading scenarios. Moreover, the proposed numerical model, which incorporates the clearance effect observed during tests, shows good agreement with experimental data, with a maximum deviation of approximately 15 %. The findings provide a practical framework for its application in long-span bridges.
To address the limitations of traditional passive dampers in controlling multi-level seismic excitations, the hybrid damping system, which typically incorporates various dampers, has attracted considerable interest owing to its enhanced performance. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the Combined Viscous–Steel Damping System (CVSDS) specifically designed for the longitudinal seismic control of long-span suspension bridges. A novel dual-stage analytical model was developed to characterize the nonlinear mechanical behavior of the CVSDS, capturing the fuse-lock transition mechanism between the viscous and steel damping components. The simplified calculation approach for the supplementary damping ratio of the system was proposed and verified through numerical simulations. To validate the seismic mitigation performance of the CVSDS in realistic conditions, a series of shake table tests were conducted using a single-degree-of-freedom model that represents the longitudinal floating behavior of a suspension bridge. The results illustrate that the CVSDS can effectively reduce seismic-induced displacement by 37.9 %–60.2 % under various earthquake intensities. In particular, adjustment in the locking force allows control over the triggering sensitivity of the system, enabling tailored responses under different loading scenarios. Moreover, the proposed numerical model, which incorporates the clearance effect observed during tests, shows good agreement with experimental data, with a maximum deviation of approximately 15 %. The findings provide a practical framework for its application in long-span bridges.
期刊：
Journal of Vibroengineering,2025年27(4):619-637 ISSN：1392-8716
通讯作者：
Wang, FF
作者机构：
[Li, Yanchao; Jiang, Anmin; Dong, Yanchen] Hunan Urban Construct Coll, Dept Management Engn, Xiangtan 411101, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Jiang, Anmin] Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource Environm & Safety Engn, Xiangtan 411201, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Feifei; Guo, Hanyang] Hunan City Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Yiyang 413000, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wang, Feifei] Hunan City Univ, Key Lab Green Bldg & Intelligent Construct Higher, Yiyang 413000, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wang, FF ] H;Hunan City Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Yiyang 413000, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Hunan City Univ, Key Lab Green Bldg & Intelligent Construct Higher, Yiyang 413000, Peoples R China.
关键词：
tunnel engineering;various ground shaking;dynamic response;axial force;bending moment
摘要：
The axial force and bending moment of tunnel lining are crucial for lining stability. To investigate the response patterns of axial force and bending moment in shallow-buried biased small clearance tunnels under various conditions-including different adjacent slope angles, loading wave types, peak loads, and loading directions-extensive numerical simulations were conducted. The numerical results were subsequently verified through large-scale vibration table physical model experiments. The findings reveal that the variation patterns of lining axial force and bending moment under bidirectional coupled seismic waves demonstrate similarity to those under vertical seismic waves. Vertical seismic motion exerts a more pronounced influence on lining axial force response. Seismic wave peak intensity significantly affects lining axial force and bending moment, with both parameters showing gradual increases corresponding to peak load escalation. The arch shoulder of the slope-side right tunnel lining exhibits particularly strong axial force and bending moment responses. While Darui wave, Wenchuan wave, and Kobe wave produce essentially consistent axial force and bending moment response patterns in tunnel linings, their magnitudes differ substantially. Seismic wave type primarily influences response magnitude rather than characteristic patterns of axial force distribution. Increasing slope angles adjacent to tunnels correlate with heightened axial force and bending moment responses in linings. A logarithmic functional relationship exists between slope angle and response values at the lining arch shoulder. These findings provide valuable references for seismic design of shallow-buried biased small clearance tunnels.
作者机构：
[Wu, Kuan; Li, Shouyi; Wang, Feifei] Hunan City Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Yiyang 413000, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Huijie] China Coal Res Inst, Mine Safety Technol Branch, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.;[Li, Bo; You, Bo; Chen, Yong] Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Resources Environm & Safety Engn, Xiangtan 411100, Peoples R China.;[Ma, Heyi] Hunan Coal Sci Res Inst Co Ltd, Changsha 410000, Peoples R China.;[Chen, Yong] China Coal Sci & Ind Grp Co LTD, Chongqing Res Inst, Chongqing 400037, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Wu, K ] H;Hunan City Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Yiyang 413000, Peoples R China.
摘要：
To study the initial characteristics of gas desorption in high-rank soft and hard coals, a purpose-built constant-temperature gas desorption device was used to conduct gas desorption experiments on three groups of collected high-rank soft and hard coal samples. The results show that the gas desorption index (K (1)) of drill cuttings from soft and hard coals follows a power function relationship with the adsorption equilibrium pressure. Under the same adsorption equilibrium pressure, the gas desorption index (K (1)) of drill cuttings from soft coal is 1.39-2.66 times that of hard coal. When the adsorption equilibrium pressure is 1 MPa, in the first 1 min, the gas desorption rate of soft coal is 1.38-2.56 times that of hard coal, and in the first 10 min, the gas desorption rate of soft coal is 1.35-2.49 times that of hard coal. The initial law of gas desorption in soft and hard coals is suitable for classifying Sun Zhongxu's form of the governing equation. To reveal the causes of the differences in the initial characteristics of high-rank soft and hard coal gas desorption from a microscopic perspective, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the surface pore structure of soft and hard coals. Additionally, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and low-temperature N(2) adsorption/desorption (LTN(2)GA) experiments were undertaken to ascertain the full pore size distribution of soft and hard coal samples. The results show that (1) the breccia pores on the surface of soft coal are more developed, and the pore connectivity is better, which provides favorable conditions for the rapid desorption of gas at the initial stage. Furthermore, the crushed grain pores and ink bottle pores on the surface of soft coal are more developed, providing a place for the adsorption of more gas; (2) the total pore capacity of soft coal is 4.12-10.57 times that of hard coal, and the proportion of large and medium pore capacity in soft coal is 4.47-10.70 times that of hard coal, which provides a favorable channel for the rapid desorption of gas in the initial stage. The ratio of medium and micropore specific surface area of soft coal is 2.26-2.77 times that of hard coal, offering more positions for gas adsorption. The results offer a reference for those seeking to understand the differences in gas desorption in the early stage of high-rank soft and hard coals and provide technical support for improving the accuracy of determining coalbed gas content and gas desorption index (K (1)) of drill cuttings.
期刊：
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY,2025年16:1502112 ISSN：1664-1078
通讯作者：
Shuhong, L
作者机构：
[Peng, Qiao] Hunan City Univ, Sch Humanities, Yiyang, Peoples R China.;[Shuhong, Li; Shuhong, L] Ocean Univ China, Coll Foreign Languages, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Shuhong, L ] O;Ocean Univ China, Coll Foreign Languages, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Emotional intelligence1;emotional factor2;language achivement3;second language acquisition4;Meta-analysis5
摘要：
Emotional intelligence (EI) has garnered sustained theoretical and empirical attention over recent decades. Within the domain of linguistics, a growing body of research has investigated the relationship between EI and language achievement. Publication trends in this area reveal two distinct phases: a period of lukewarm attention (2009-2017), followed by a phase of rapid growth (2018-present). The present meta-analysis aims to determine whether EI significantly influences language achievement. Drawing on data from 47 independent studies, comprising 63 effect sizes and a total sample of 18,649 participants, this study found a small but significant correlation between EI and subjective language achievement (r = 0.24), and a moderate correlation with objective language achievement (r = 0.41). Moderator analyses revealed that the relationship between EI and objective language achievement varied significantly by educational level, target language, language skill assessed, and publication year. In contrast, no significant moderation effects were found for research type, learning context, students' major, first language, or the measurement instruments employed. These findings underscore the important role of EI in language learning and highlight the need for emotionally responsive and supportive pedagogical environments that contribute to the sustainable development of foreign language education.
摘要：
The critical width-height ratio is a crucial parameter for defining the fill behind the wall as finite soil. Most existing studies on the critical width-height ratio of finite soil use loose sand as filler, without considering the influence of fill compaction degree on the critical width-height ratio of finite soil. By using of model test and numerical simulation, this paper studies the influence of compaction degree of fill behind the retaining wall on the active failure characteristics and the critical width-height ratio of finite soil under TT mode. The empirical relation between compaction degree and density, as well as the compaction degree and internal friction angle of fill materials is established through geotechnical tests. The dynamic development law on active fracture surface of the soil filling with different compaction degrees and width-height ratios behind the retaining wall is obtained. The method of determining the critical width-height ratio of the finite soil mass based on the morphological characteristics of fracture surface is proposed. The empirical formula of the critical width-height ratio of finite soil mass considering the compaction degree of fill is given. Under the TT mode, for the finite soil, the active fracture surface is a multi-segment broken line, starting from the heel of the movable retaining wall and going back and forth between the fixed retaining wall and the movable retaining wall, and ending at the fill surface; for the semi-infinite soil, the active fracture surface is an approximate straight line from the wall heel to the fill surface. For finite soil with a certain width-height ratio, with the increase of compaction degree, the active fracture surface gradually changes from a broken line to a straight line; the finite soil gradually becomes semi-infinite soil. For semi-infinite soil with a certain width-height ratio, with the increase of the compaction degree, the active fracture surface gradually becomes steeper, and the volume of the broken body gradually decreases; the soil behind the wall is still semi-infinite. When the compaction degree is constant, with the increase of the width-height ratio, the active fracture surface gradually changes from a broken line to a straight line, and the finite soil behind the wall gradually changes to semi-infinite soil. Under the TT mode, the active failure critical width-height ratio of finite soil decreases linearly with the increase of the compaction degree of fill, showing a highly linear correlation. The compaction degree of backfill is one of the important factors affecting the critical width-height ratio, which should be considered in the design and construction of actual support engineering. The study is of great significance for determining the critical width-height ratio of finite soil behind the retaining wall, and can provide a reference for the deformation analysis and earth pressure calculation of the finite soil behind the retaining structure.
期刊：
International Journal of Web Based Communities,2025年21(1):20-35 ISSN：1477-8394
作者机构：
[Aihua Mo] School of Management, Hunan City University, Hunan, 413000, China
关键词：
mobile e-commerce platform;perceived points of interest;dynamic collaborative mining;coarse grained characteristics;binary classification model.
摘要：
In the process of dynamic collaborative mining of user perceived interest points on mobile e-commerce platforms, due to the lack of effective feature classification, the recall rate of interest point data in dynamic collaborative mining of interest points is low. Therefore, a dynamic collaborative mining method for user perceived interest points on mobile e-commerce platforms is proposed. Firstly, coarse grained features of user perceived interest points are initially extracted through clustering algorithms, and their feature values are further extracted using sequence feature extraction algorithms. Then, a user perceived interest prediction model is constructed, and fitting methods are used to achieve feature classification of user perceived interest points. Finally, by designing a dynamic collaborative mining model for user perceived interest points on mobile e-commerce platforms, dynamic collaborative mining is achieved. The experimental results show that the dynamic convergence change of method in this paper interest point data mining is relatively small, and the maximum recall rate is 99%, effectively improving mining performance, thereby providing more accurate and accurate personalised recommendations for mobile e-commerce platforms.
摘要：
Sepiolite (SEP), a naturally abundant and environmentally friendly clay mineral, possesses various active sites and a large specific surface area. In this work, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was activated to remove tetracycline (TC) using modified Sepiolite (MSEP), which was synthesized by ball milling and calcination techniques. According to the findings, MSEP efficiently stimulated PMS to produce 1 O 2 and ·OH radicals for the degradation of TC, with 1 O 2 being a key component of this process. The findings demonstrated that the carbonate on the MSEP surface encouraged the production of singlet oxygen. ( 1 O 2 ). Under the conditions of pH 6.5, 0.2 g/L MSEP, 2 mmol/L PMS and 25 °C, a 10 mg/L TC concentration was reduced by 93.3 % after 30 min. The presence of Cl − and NO 3 − did not inhibit TC degradation, while HCO 3 − promoted it, and H 2 PO 4 − exhibited an inhibitory effect. This work offers a novel method for using clay minerals to activate PMS and degrade organic contaminant without secondary pollution.
Sepiolite (SEP), a naturally abundant and environmentally friendly clay mineral, possesses various active sites and a large specific surface area. In this work, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was activated to remove tetracycline (TC) using modified Sepiolite (MSEP), which was synthesized by ball milling and calcination techniques. According to the findings, MSEP efficiently stimulated PMS to produce 1 O 2 and ·OH radicals for the degradation of TC, with 1 O 2 being a key component of this process. The findings demonstrated that the carbonate on the MSEP surface encouraged the production of singlet oxygen. ( 1 O 2 ). Under the conditions of pH 6.5, 0.2 g/L MSEP, 2 mmol/L PMS and 25 °C, a 10 mg/L TC concentration was reduced by 93.3 % after 30 min. The presence of Cl − and NO 3 − did not inhibit TC degradation, while HCO 3 − promoted it, and H 2 PO 4 − exhibited an inhibitory effect. This work offers a novel method for using clay minerals to activate PMS and degrade organic contaminant without secondary pollution.
作者：
Dan Zhang*;Lei Zhang;Yonglin Gao;Xinzhong Wang;Yukui Wang
期刊：
Construction and Building Materials,2025年491:142609 ISSN：0950-0618
通讯作者：
Dan Zhang
作者机构：
[Dan Zhang; Lei Zhang; Xinzhong Wang; Yukui Wang] College of Civil Engineering, Hunan City University, No.518 Yingbindong Road, Yiyang 413000, China;[Yonglin Gao] Faculty of Architecture and City Planning, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No. 727 Jingming South Road, Kunmin 650500, China
通讯机构：
[Dan Zhang] C;College of Civil Engineering, Hunan City University, No.518 Yingbindong Road, Yiyang 413000, China
摘要：
External beam-column joints are generally recognized as critical components in ductile steel frame structures. The incorporation of minimally invasive and easily replaceable knee braces offers an effective retrofitting solution. This study investigates the feasibility of enhancing the seismic behavior of external beam-column joints in steel structures through the utilization of knee braces. The mechanical behavior of knee-braced retrofitted joints was analyzed to derive expressions for internal forces in the beam, column, and joint connection components. By utilizing principles of force balance and deformation compatibility between the beam, column, and joint components, a shear coefficient expression was formulated to quantify the knee brace’s impact on the internal forces within the beam and column. Furthermore, methods were developed to calculate the bending and shear capacities of the joint, as well as the axial capacity of the knee brace. The failure modes and sequences of the joint were predicted using a strength hierarchy evaluation method, and the validity of this approach was confirmed through experimental data from both retrofitted and non-retrofitted joints. Finally, the impact of critical design parameters, such as horizontal projection length, installation angle, and section type of the knee brace, on the strength hierarchy and failure modes of external steel frame joints was examined, providing valuable insights for the design of knee-braced retrofitted joints.
External beam-column joints are generally recognized as critical components in ductile steel frame structures. The incorporation of minimally invasive and easily replaceable knee braces offers an effective retrofitting solution. This study investigates the feasibility of enhancing the seismic behavior of external beam-column joints in steel structures through the utilization of knee braces. The mechanical behavior of knee-braced retrofitted joints was analyzed to derive expressions for internal forces in the beam, column, and joint connection components. By utilizing principles of force balance and deformation compatibility between the beam, column, and joint components, a shear coefficient expression was formulated to quantify the knee brace’s impact on the internal forces within the beam and column. Furthermore, methods were developed to calculate the bending and shear capacities of the joint, as well as the axial capacity of the knee brace. The failure modes and sequences of the joint were predicted using a strength hierarchy evaluation method, and the validity of this approach was confirmed through experimental data from both retrofitted and non-retrofitted joints. Finally, the impact of critical design parameters, such as horizontal projection length, installation angle, and section type of the knee brace, on the strength hierarchy and failure modes of external steel frame joints was examined, providing valuable insights for the design of knee-braced retrofitted joints.
摘要：
As the development of urbanization in China enters the middle and late stages, improving the quality of human settlements has become a social concern. Promoting urban ecological environment management and building cities that are pleasant to live, work, and visit has become a new requirement for urban space quality improvement. ‘Spatial genes’ refer to unique and relatively stable spatial combination patterns formed by long-term interaction between urban space, natural environment, and history-culture, carrying region-specific information (Jin et al. Urban Planning 43:14–21, 2019). Located in the Western Hunan Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hunan Province, Fenghuang Ancient Town is a national historical and cultural city with a long history and deep cultural heritage, and it is a well-known tourist-type historical and cultural city in China; its geographic features, humanistic values, and characteristic architecture all have irreplaceable research value. In this paper, Fenghuang Ancient Town is selected as the research object, based on the spatial gene theory, through the collation and analysis of the network evaluation text of social media, the relationship between tourists and spatial gene influencing factors in the urban space is dissected, and spatial genes are identified, extracted, and classified to explore the tourists’ satisfaction evaluation of Fenghuang Ancient Town. At the same time, spatial analysis and spatial reconstruction are carried out using spatial syntax from the perspectives of geography and spatial layout, to promote the spatial upgrading and transformation of the urban environment through the re-modelling of the spatial genes of Fenghuang Ancient Town, and to provide decision-making guidance for the future urban development of Fenghuang Ancient Town.
摘要：
To overcome the problems of low recognition accuracy, poor recognition recall, and long recognition time in traditional badminton video action recognition methods, a badminton video action recognition method based on an adaptive enhanced AdaBoost algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the badminton video actions are collected through inertial sensors, and the badminton action videos are captured to construct an action dataset. The data in this dataset is normalised, and then the badminton video action features are extracted. The weighted fusion method is used to fuse the extracted badminton video action features. Finally, the fused action features are used as the basis, Construct a badminton video action classifier using the adaptive enhanced AdaBoost algorithm, and output the badminton video action recognition results through the classifier. The experimental results show that the proposed method has good performance in recognising badminton video actions.
作者：
Hongkun Xie;Minghua Huang;Yang Wang;Wentao Lei
期刊：
GeoJournal,2025年90(5):1-14 ISSN：0343-2521
通讯作者：
Xie, Hongkun;Wang, Y
作者机构：
[Hongkun Xie; Minghua Huang; Yang Wang] College of Architecture, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, China;Key Laboratory of Key Technologies of Digital Urban-Rural Spatial Planning of Hunan Province, Hunan City University, Yiyang, China;[Wentao Lei] College of Architecture, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Key Technologies of Digital Urban-Rural Spatial Planning of Hunan Province, Hunan City University, Yiyang, China
通讯机构：
[Hongkun Xie; Yang Wang] C;College of Architecture, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, China<&wdkj&>College of Architecture, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, China
摘要：
To refine the study on spatial distribution patterns of rural settlements in the hill-and-gully region of the Northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau. The spatial differentiation characteristics of settlements in various types of geomorphological zones were analyzed by using two methods, namely, topographic factor hierarchical statistics and distribution indices. Hillock-Ridge Gully Region exhibits optimal slopes at 5-30 degrees; Ridge-Hillock Gully Region exhibits optimal slopes at 0-20 degrees, with predominant clustering at 0-10 degrees; Tableland-Ridge Gully Regions rexhibits optimal slopes at 0-10 degrees, with predominant clustering at 0-5 degrees. All rural settlements exhibit a distinct preference for south-facing slopes. Except in Tableland-Ridge Gully regions, northern slopes exhibit significantly lower preference. Flat slopes dominate settlement distribution in both Ridge-Hillock and Tableland-Ridge Gully regions. Within Tableland-Ridge Gully systems, apart from the pronounced predominance of flat and south-facing slopes, other slope aspects display relatively even distribution patterns. Rural settlements in the Hillock-Ridge Gully Region predominantly occupy Slope Segments IV-V. The Ridge-Hillock Gully Region exhibits settlement concentration in Segments IV-V, while Tableland-Ridge Gully Region settlements primarily distribute across Slope Segments I-II. Settlement elevational distribution across gully regions in descending order: Tableland-Ridge > Hillock-Ridge > Ridge-Hillock Gully Regions, specifically: Tableland-Ridge: clustered on hilltops; Hillock-Ridge: distributed along mid-slopes, lower slopes & gullies; Ridge-Hillock: concentrated in lower slopes & gullies. Rural settlements exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity across different geomorphological types, yet demonstrate consistent distribution patterns within homogeneous terrains. Research on such spatial differentiation provides critical references for categorical guidance in subsequent rural planning and settlement optimization.
作者机构：
[Liu, Guojun] Engineering Research Center of Development and Application of Ceramsite Concrete Technology, Hunan City University, Yiyang, Hunan, P.R. China;[Liu, Guojun] Key Laboratory of Green Building and Intelligent Construction in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province, Hunan City University, Yiyang, Hunan, P. R. China;[Wei, Xiang] Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China;[Hou, Zhenkun] School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
摘要：
The Gansu Beishan area is a preselected candidate site for a high-level radioactive waste repository in China. The development of surface rock mass discontinuities in this region is crucial for ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the project. The survey line method was employed to investigate these discontinuities. Fault geometry information was defined based on the characteristics of traffic routes and exploratory trench wall fault gouge. Optimal joint sets were identified using rose diagram equal-area upper hemisphere projection methods. Statistical analysis shows that the dominant joint orientations in each group follow a normal distribution. Using the circular sampling window theory, the mean trace length and trace midpoint density of joints for each outcrop were calculated. A Multiscale Discontinuity Comprehensive (MDC) index was proposed to evaluate the degree of surface rock mass discontinuity development based on discontinuity geometry parameters. The results of the surface rock mass discontinuity development were analyzed according to the tectonic stress and mechanical formation mechanisms of the discontinuities. These research findings provide critical data to support the ongoing development of high-level radioactive waste geological disposal.
摘要：
In today's world, where digital technologies are integral to education, studying the effectiveness of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) is vital for optimizing learning. This study evaluates the Squirrel AI Learning platform's impact on motivation and engagement among higher education students in Shanghai. A survey was conducted with students using Squirrel AI alongside traditional curricula (experimental group, n = 153) and those using only traditional methods (control group, n = 160). The Motivation and Engagement Scale measured outcomes, and an independent t-test compared group differences. Additionally, one-way ANOVA assessed age, gender, and academic performance factors in the experimental group. Results indicated that Squirrel AI positively influenced motivation and engagement, with significant improvements in Self-efficacy, Valuing, Task Management, Failure Avoidance, Uncertain Control, and Self-handicapping. Gender and academic performance showed notable differences, while age had no significant effect. ITS use in higher education can personalize learning, improving effectiveness and enhancing students' motivation and engagement. Universities should consider adopting such systems for large courses to foster individualized, motivated learning experiences. Considering students' demographics and performance will help create learning scenarios that best meet individual students' needs. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to the study's short duration and its limited cultural and geographic scope. Future research is needed to explore long-term effects and generalizability across diverse contexts.
