Low-carbon cities (LCCs) have attracted considerable attention from researchers over the past 15 years as an important initiative for mitigating global warming. The increased pilot LCCs in several countries and focus on theoretical research suggest the need to explore the associated research topics and characteristics, trends, and challenges. An in-depth analysis of literature on LCCs was conducted using the three-phase research involving documents searching, quantitative analyses and qualitative analyses. The quantitative analysis revealed that nearly 70% of LCC research was conducted in thre...