Porous carbons with plentiful nitrogen and phosphorus heteroatoms (CMs-N/P-n) derived from rice hull powder and melamine polyphosphate are synthesized for superior charge/discharge performance. In the amorphous CMs-N/P-n materials, a part of carbon atoms are graphitized, and the I D /I G ratios are 1.09, 1.00, and 0.99. In CMs-N/P-n, N heteroatoms are dominated by pyridinic and pyrrodic N forms and P species dispersed in the skeleton as P C, P O, and PO species. In 6 M KOH, the optimized CMs-N/P-850 demonstrates a conspicuous specific...