Bamboo holds great promise as a versatile material in construction and engineering. However, its inherent hydrophilic nature, particularly within its cell walls, presents challenges for dimensional stability, limiting its widespread use. Addressing this challenge, vapor phase furfurylation (VPF) has emerged as a promising technique for bamboo modification. In this study, we applied VPF to bamboo for the first time, resulting in a significant transition towards hydrophobicity and a remarkable enhancement in dimensional stability (ASE > 50 %). Employing a multifaceted approach, we investigated t...