Wireless sensor networks are composed of sensor nodes which are limited in computational capabilities, power and memory resources, and they are susceptible to a variety of security threats. Provable security plays an important role in designing and analyzing the security of protocols in wireless sensor networks. Firstly, the current situations of sensor network security, the security challenges and the security problems were presented. Secondly, the method of provable security is introduced and we review the formal analysis methods using in the...