Most of the present rural residential buildings in Dongting Lake area have no energy-saving design which leads to poor thermal property and huge energy consumption. In Dongting Lake area, it is hot in summer and cold in winter, so the energy saving design of residential buildings should be thermal insulating in summer and heat keeping in winter. This paper aims to explore the designs of external security structure on the basis of the study on thermal property of the wall, the roofing, doors and windows of the rural residence houses, hoping to offer references to the build...